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Welcome to BEBAC’s Forum devoted to Bioequivalence and Biovailability.
If you are new to the Forum, please read the following Policy Section first.
BEBAC provides a global forum to promote the free exchange of ideas, opinions and informations on Bioavailability and Bioequivalence studies.
We expect a basic knowledge on BE/BA or related fields and the willingness to begin first with the Search function for similar problems. Read our FAQ section, where questions about technical aspects of the forum are answered.
Please discuss topics relevant to the chosen category, and make subject headings as specific as possible.
BEBAC reserves the right to delete material that contains obscene, profane, or vulgar language. Troll posts, advertisings, job postings, or posts that are commercial in nature are prohibited and will be removed without further notice.
Sockpuppets (i.e., multiple falsified indentities) will be resolved based on the IP-address and may lead to blocking of the account.
Thank you in advance for your adherence to this policy.
The content expressed on the forum is the sole opinion of the person making the post. Neither BEBAC nor the poster make any representations or warranties regarding the accuracy of such content.
Please note that:
• anybody using or relying upon information or opinions set out in the forum, does so at their own risk;
• BEBAC stongly advise that independent professional judgment be exercised and/or independent professional advice should be sought before using or relying upon such informations or opinions; and,
• some of the views and opinions expressed by posters may be their own and may not necessarily represent the views or opinions of the companies or organisations by whom they are engaged or employed.
For information on data protection see here.
If you are interested in regulatory requirements, please consult the guidance collection first.
The forum contains lots of threads from people who have already sought and received actual help. Chances are that you may not be the first person to experience the particular issue(s) that brought you to the forum.
Use the Search feature in the top right hand corner of the main page to query the database for existing threads that may already answer your question; use keywords, restrict the search to a particular category, etc.
If you can’t find what you’re looking for, then start a new thread and hopefully others will find that thread useful in the future.
This is the golden rule and bears re-stating:
‘Post unto others as you would have others post unto you.’
Most of the people who visit these and other on-line forums abide by this rule as a matter of course. Occasionally, however, we encounter someone who succumbs to the temptation to be, well…, not so nice. On these rare occasions, everyone is affected. Nobody likes to have rude or mean comments directed toward them, and nobody needs to read such comments directed toward anyone else. In addition, as a practical concern, the likelihood of receiving help is always better when you’re nice.
So please, if you can’t post nicely, then do not post. All of the registered users reserve the right not to respond at all to rude or otherwise not-nice posts, or to respond in kind (while we try to exercise restraint, we’re only human).
According to RFC1855 use of only CAPTITALS may be interpreted as if you’re SHOUTING; use bold letters instead.
The forum’s administrator / moderators reserve the right to delete posts that they deem to be overly rude or otherwise not nice.
It’s nice to start your post with a salutation, and include a signature as well.
You may save a signature with your User’s data; it will be automatically attached to your posts.
An example of an inpolite post is given below:

Select the category which you consider most suitable to your question. Give a concise description in the subject line.
Please don’t post the same text in different categories; post only in the most suitable one—you may add an additional keyword in the subject line.
Some problems may be related to a national regulation; in such a case please include the target country.
Aside from the administrator (HS) and current moderators (Jaime and Ohlbe), there are lots of regular participants in the forum who help fellow users. The help these colleagues provide is invaluable in terms of the time it saves the rest of us.
If you know the answer to a question or the solution to a problem, please feel free to jump right in and post it!
If you post a message referring to a document which is available on the web (i.e., a regulatory guideline), please include a hyperlink.
It’s quite common in a forum that topics within a thread sometimes move away from the topic of the original post (the ‘thread shift’-phenomenon). Even if your question was not answered exactly the way you expected it, try to stay within the thread (and don’t open a new one just to say ‘thank you!’).
Unnecessary new threads may be moved by the administrator to another (more suitable) thread or linked by an moderator to another thread and closed to further replies.
‘Old’ threads are not necessarily ‘dead’ ones; sometimes replies are posted even months later—which may not help you with your current problem, but others using the ‘search’ feature of the forum. Threads are sorted by the date of the last reply by default, i.e., a recent answer to an ‘old’ post will move the entire thread up to the forums’s entry page.
If you feel that your post did not gain the attention you expected, you may reply to your own post in order to bring the thread back to the top of the forum. A reasonable waiting period is two weeks or if the thread has left the entry page of the forum. Only one ‘reminder’ is suggested; consider the possibility that nobody has an answer or is not willing to share his/her experiences. Further ‘reminders’ are discouraged and may lead to closing of the thread by moderators or the administrator.
It’s considered bad style to start a thread with a—sometimes not so trivial—question, and afterwards never login to the forum again.
Please remember, that all users of the forum are posting answers in their leisure time. It may be quite frustrating to offer elaborate answers, which are not even read at all.
As a further reading I would recommend Eric Raymond’s essay ‘How To Ask Questions The Smart Way’ for more suggestions, and for insight into people’s behavior on technical mailing lists (but don’t try asking people at catb.org questions about BA/BE).
Thank you for abiding by the Etiquette of the Forum.
Please do not register if you don’t want to post in the forum – registration is not required to read posts. Inactive accounts will decrease the forum’s performance.
Click Register in the top right hand corner in the forum’s main page.
A form opens, where you may fill in your User name (may be your real name, and abbreviation, or a nick), a valid e-mail address (in the example: User name ‘foo’, e-mail ‘foo@example.org’) and a password. Do the little math (protecting the forum from registration by silicon-based lifeforms).
Although blanks are acceptable in the e-mail address, ‘foo bar@example.com’ possibly will not work. Blanks sometimes are ‘lost in hyperspace’ – corrupting the e-mail address). Multiple e-mail addresses are not supported – although they may work on some systems (and are classified as spam by others).
You may use diacritical and accented characters, or even any one contained in the UTF-8 code-set in your User name. But: If the character is not available in fonts installed on other User’s systems, their browser will only display a question mark or a small rectangle. You might consider using ASCII-codes below 128 only (A-Z, a-z, 0-9, hyphen, underline).
For your own convenience try to keep your User name short. If your full name is ‘Jorge Sánchez-Casas García’ try it with ‘Jorge’ first (you may give your complete name in your personal profile and/or use it in your signature). Otherwise you have to retype you entire name in login.

Clicking the
button will send an activation key to you by e-mail (if there is already a user registered with this name/e-mail, you will get an error page—in such a case please choose another User name.

Open your e-mail client’s inbox; you received an e-mail with the subject ‘Forum registration’ and sender’s address ‘Bioequivalence and Bioavailability Forum <forum@bebac.at>’. If you do not find the registration e-mail in your inbox, please check also your junk-/spam-folder.

You must click within 24 hours on the given link to activate your account (if your e-mail client does not support hyperlinks, copy the link to the address field of your browser).

Type in your User name and password. If you want to be logged in automatically every time you visit the forum, use the checkbox.
You are logged in… (your user name is displayed in the top right hand corner of the forum’s main page).
To start a new thread click
New entry in the top left hand corner in the forum’s main page.
A new form opens:

Choose the category most suitable to your post in the select-box; currently following categories exist (order may change according to the number of threads/posts):
Give a concise description of your question in the subject line; try to be as specific as possible (something like ‘HELP!!!’ or ‘BE statistics?’ is just not a good idea).
Write your message in the textarea below.
Please do not include any (X)HTML-Tags (like <br /> for line-break, <b></b> for bold etc.), series of blanks, or tabs in your text. All Tags will be shown as plain text (not be rendered); series of blanks and/or tabs will be stripped and cut down on a single blank. Both multiple blanks and tabs may look nice on your system, but awful on others.
A subset of UTF-8 encoded characters is ISO-8859-1; these characters are expected to work on all systems:
| hex | …0 | …1 | …2 | …3 | …4 | …5 | …6 | …7 | …8 | …9 | …A | …B | …C | …D | …E | …F |
| 0… | non printable characters stripped from posts | |||||||||||||||
| 1… | non printable characters stripped from posts | |||||||||||||||
| 2… | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | |
| 3… | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | : | ; | < | = | > | ? |
| 4… | @ | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O |
| 5… | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ |
| 6… | ` | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| 7… | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | { | | | } | ~ | |
| 8… | non printable characters stripped from posts | |||||||||||||||
| 9… | non printable characters stripped from posts | |||||||||||||||
| A… | ¡ | ¢ | £ | ¤ | ¥ | ¦ | § | ¨ | © | ª | « | ¬ | ® | ¯ | ||
| B… | ° | ± | ² | ³ | ´ | µ | ¶ | · | ¸ | ¹ | º | » | ¼ | ½ | ¾ | ¿ |
| C… | À | Á | Â | Ã | Ä | Å | Æ | Ç | È | É | Ê | Ë | Ì | Í | Î | Ï |
| D… | Ð | Ñ | Ò | Ó | Ô | Õ | Ö | × | Ø | Ù | Ú | Û | Ü | Ý | Þ | ß |
| E… | à | á | â | ã | ä | å | æ | ç | è | é | ê | ë | ì | í | î | ï |
| F… | ð | ñ | ò | ó | ô | õ | ö | ÷ | ø | ù | ú | û | ü | ý | þ | ÿ |
Some UTF-8 characters which are expected to work on most systems:
| punctuation | – | — | ‘ | ’ | “ | ” |
| † | ‡ | • | … | ¡ | ¿ | |
| fractions | ⅓ | ⅔ | ⅛ | ⅜ | ⅝ | ⅞ |
| arrows | ← | ↑ | → | ↓ | ↔ | ↕ |
| maths | ∂ | ∆ | ∏ | ∑ | √ | ∞ |
| ∫ | ≈ | ≠ | ≡ | ≤ | ≥ | |
| geometr. | ■ | □ | ▪ | ▫ | ◊ | ◦ |
| ▲ | ▼ | ◄ | ► | ○ | ● | |
| ◘ | ◙ | |||||
| symbols | ☺ | ☻ | ☼ | ♀ | ♂ | ♠ |
| ♣ | ♥ | ♦ | ♪ | ♫ | ||
| Greek | Α | Β | Γ | Δ | Ε | Ζ |
| Η | Θ | Ι | Κ | Λ | Μ | |
| Ν | Ξ | Ο | Π | Ρ | Σ | |
| Τ | Υ | Φ | Χ | Ψ | Ω | |
| α | β | γ | δ | ε | ζ | |
| η | θ | ι | κ | λ | μ | |
| ν | ξ | ο | π | ρ | σ ς | |
| τ | υ | φ | χ | ψ | ω | |
You may use following BBCodes to format text of your message as
Example:
[color:blue][big][serif][i]C[sub]p[/sub](t) = C[sub]0[/sub] · e[sup]-k[sub]el[/sub] · t[/sup][/i][/serif][/big][/color:blue] gives
Cp(t) = C0 · e-kel · t
before posting!Lorem ipsum ea ullum corrumpit consetetur eam. Cu vidisse conceptam interesset mea, ponderum appellantur suscipiantur ius id. Minim lucilius gubergren no sea, verear utroque iracundia pri ad. Patrioque maiestatis voluptatum per te, sea no quando corpora incorrupte, nihil quaerendum mel ea. Assum noluisse dignissim cu est, mucius eirmod tritani cu eum, vel no quod atqui quodsi.
At mei augue suscipit dissentiet, id nisl fuisset adipisci qui, an consul sanctus deseruisse est. Errem utamur recusabo te has, ius partem labores offendit cu. Pro assum saperet mediocritatem no, et qui probo posse oporteat, eos eu nominavi perfecto indoctum. Omnis error labores his ut, at commune detraxit consectetuer pri. Has at euismod graecis, eos an unum harum adipiscing.
Note 1: [indent]…[/indent] and [center]…[/center] create new paragraphs in the text. Be sure to use them not within another paragraph. XHTML will not be valid any more. Although the result may look acceptable in your browser, it may look awful for others.
Note 2: [code]…[/code] allows you—with a little patience—to construct basic tables, e.g.,
[code]
| P1 P2
----------
S1 | T R
S2 | R T[/code] gives:
| P1 P2
----------
S1 | T R
S2 | R T
Do not use tabulators, but series of blanks instead!
To add hyperlinks use [link]http://www.example.com[/link] / [url]http://www.example.com[/url] or [link=http://www.example.com]Target[/link] / [url=http://www.example.com]Target[/url]. The first syntax gives http://www.example.com, whereas the second one comes up as Target.
You may also use the
button to open a new window where you may paste URIs from other sites in the first box and a description (which will be displayed in the post) in the second box.
Use [img]http://www.example.com/image.jpg[/img] to add images to your post.
You may also use the
button to insert the BBCode into your post. Acceptable image formats are JPEG, PNG, and GIF. For technical illustrations (plots, screenshots, etc.) a lossless format (PNG, GIF) is preferred. Size is limited to 640 px (longest side) and 100 KB; larger images are downscaled by the software (which may result in poor quality, especially for JPGs). Please note that transparency in GIFs and PNGs will be lost in downscaling. If your image is too large in terms of filesize, you may consider to reduce the number of colors from truecolor (24 bit) to 256 colors (8 bit).
Optionally you can justify the image left ([img|left]…[/img]) or right ([img|right]…[/img]).
If JavaScript is active, a column of buttons is displayed at the right side of the message area; without JavaScript the syntax of the most common ones for manual entry.
| + JavaScript | – JavaScript |
|---|---|
![]() |
Text parts can be formatted with following BBCodes: [b]…[/b] for bold, [i]…[/i] italic, [sub]…[/sub] subscript, [sup]…[/sup] superscript, [big]…[/big] large, [code]…[/code] Text; For more BBCodes see the Instructions. Add hyperlinks: [link]http://www.domain.tld/[/link] or [link=http://www.domain.tld/]Link name[/link]. Add images: [img]http://www.domain.tld/image.jpg[/img] – left/right of the text: [img|left]…[/img] / [img|right]…[/img]. |
With activated JavaScript you may also use the buttons at the right side of the input-area to format your text:
Highlight the text you want to format in the message area. Click the respective button to the right.
You will get:

Uploading images or inserting ones already stored on the server requires JavaScript. If you are not able to use JavaScript and want to insert an image, contact the Administrator. You can send the image by e-mail and after uploading we will provide you with a link you can use in your post.
Uploading images with JavaScript: Click
– a new browser windows opens:

Click the first button and navigate on your system to the file you want to upload. After selecting the file click
– a new browser windows opens:

Click one of the buttons to insert the uploaded image into your message:
normal text flow (image separated from text),
text flowing on the right side of the image, and
text flowing on the left side of the image.
See above; in the new window click [ Browse uploaded images ] – a new window opens:

30 thumbnails per page are displayed; to navigate to the next page click [ » ]. Clicking a thumbnail opens the preview window:

Use one of the buttons as described above in selecting the location of the image in your message.
If you want to add the signature from your personal profile, use the checkbox. Whether the box is already checked or not depends on the settings in your profile.
If you want to be notified by e-mail if there has been a reply to this message use the checkbox. Whether the box is already checked or not depends on the settings in your profile.
When you are satisfied with the results click the
button and your message will be posted to the forum.

Open the post and click
Post reply in the lower left hand corner (in Thread View) / upper right hand corner (in Mix View).
A new form opens:

If you want to quote another post in the forum (‘cross-linking’), use the following BBCode:


You are encouraged to change the subject line giving a short hint of you reply’s contents (though you cannot change the category of the post).
After using the
button (and optionally correcting your post),
your reply.
If chosen by the original poster he/she will be notified by e-mail about your reply.
You may change your data clicking your name (foo in the example).
A new page opens showing your current user data.

Clicking
Edit User data opens a new form.

With active JavaScript the time difference is estimated from your system’s clock.
Example: You are located in India (local time 19:00) and the time zone of the server is 15:30 CEST (last Sunday of March to last Sunday of October) – the time difference is +03:30 hours; if the server’s time zone would be CET, the time difference is +04:30 hours. Use the three drop-down fields to set the difference accordingly.

Please tick the E-mail notification box only if you cannot use the RSS Feed (see below). Using the notification may result in a lot of e-mail traffic, not only to you personally, but the forum’s e-mail server may be classified as a bulk-mailer / spammer and blacklisted – which could affect all users.

In your profile clicking
Edit own forum settings opens a new form.

Changing control_refresh from the default no to yes automatically refreshes the main page of the forum every 20 minutes – a comfortable method to note new posts, which will show up on top of the page.
Main page before (default) and after (refresh set):


In your profile clicking
Edit subscriptions opens a new form (example for User HS).

HS has opted for ‘E-mail notification if there has been a reply to this message’ in posting #7022 (first row) and clicked
Subscribe thread in the top-level post #6052 (second row). To cancel subscriptions select no. You can change the notification level of the first subscription from Posting to Thread in order to be not only notified about replies to your own post, but about all new replies within the entire thread. Note that for the second subscription it is not possible to decrease the level (the button is greyed out).
The forum offers a set of RSS 2.0 feeds.
Behind the button
in the lower right hand corner you find the link to the Forum’s general RSS feed (http://forum.bebac.at/rss.php).
Windows users may click the right mouse button to copy the link and insert them in their preferred aggregator / feed reader. News readers are already integrated in modern browsers (e.g., Firefox 2+, Opera 7.5+, Safari 2+, IE 7+). Google Chrome requires the RSS subscription extension.
If you want to subscribe to the feed of a particular category, use following URLs:
No, although you may read all messages without registration, you must register to the forum in order to post new messages (and to reply to old ones as well).
Registration is a two step process due to security reasons: most likely you did not activate your account within 24 hours after submitting you data. For details see Registration (especially Step 2).
Sometimes mailservers (or even DNS-routers) may be offline preventing a timely delivery of the registration e-mail to you (the forum’s software tries to deliver e-mails for one week) or you simply did not look up your e-mails (don’t forget your junk-mail folder…). If you receive the e-mail more than 24 hours after the first step in the registration process and click on activation link, you will get this message:

In such a case you will have to register again (starting with Step 1).
Editing is possible only for 24 hours after the original submission. Open your post and click
in the lower right hand corner.
We would recommend to use the preview function to keep editing of already posted messages at a minimum.
Altering a post after it has been replied to robs the reply of its original context. It can also be confusing. Before you edit, consider taking the following steps:
Use strike-through or a placeholder to show the post has been altered.
Yes, open your post and click
in the lower right hand corner. Now you can change both the category and the subject line.
No e-mail addresses of users are published in the forum. Only if a user has agreed to be contacted by other users, it is possible to send a message by means of a contact form.
Click ‘User’ in the main page: a list of registered users opens. If a user has agreed to receive personal messages from other members of the forum, a letter
is displayed next to the name. Clicking
opens a contact form, or
within an opened post click on the User’s name in the top left hand corner; the profile opens, where the
icon shows the agreement for receiving messages.
Click Log in in the top right hand corner of the main page; the Log in form opens.
Now click Forgot your password?
A new form opens.
Fill in your user name and e-mail address; a new password will be sent to you.

This forum requires PHP≥5.x and a MySQL≥5.x database installation on the server to generate XHTML 1.0. Scripts were written by Alex and Auge. The current version is 1.8, licensed under GNU GPL.
Mix View (forum and opened thread):

The ‘Mix View’ displays all posts within a thread in a single page (paragraph’s left indentation denotes the structure of the tread); this is the default.
Thread View (forum and opened thread):

The ‘Thread View’ displays a single post per page and a tree-like structure to select individual posts below.
You may choose between these types according to your personal preferences, either by using the links in the header (of both the forum’s overview or within a post), or set your preferred view as a standard in your profile.
Automatic insert of these BBCodes requires JavaScript. If you are not allowed to use JavaScript due to your company’s security policy, please insert BBCodes manually. A list of BBCodes is given here and (most important ones) to the right of the text area.
Uploading images requires JavaScript for technical reasons.
We are working on a solution which will estimate the difference between your system clock and the server’s time (located in Vienna, Austria). With active JavaScript you can use the test page.
Apart from images (procedure) uploading other filetypes (like PDF, PPT/PPS, XLS, DOC, etc.) is not supported. If you want to share files with other members, either activate the e-mail function in your profile (so that others may contact you directly), or consider uploading the file to a webhoster (see here). You can link to the file in your post (procedure).
The forum uses so-called cookies in several places. They are used to enhance the forum’s accessibility, and make it more effective and safer. Cookies are saved on your computer and kept in your browser’s cache. Cookies do no harm your computer and do not contain any viruses. The methods of storing cookies differe between browsers. Examples on Windows XP:
IE saves cookies as text-files at
C:\Documents and Settings\{Username}\Cookies\{Username}@forum.bebac[X]
Firefox saves cookies in an SQLite database at
C:\Documents and Settings\{Username}\Application Data\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\12345678.default\cookies.sqlite
No. Recent versions of modern browsers (like Firefox) include a spell-checking option; doubtful words (not contained in the English dictionary) will be underlined by a wavy line.
Click Admin contact in the lower left hand corner of the main page.
A contact form opens, where you may send your request to the administrator of the forum.
Please understand, that I (the Forum’s administrator Helmut Schütz) cannot start personal e-mail conversations; this was one of the reasons opening the BE/BA Forum. Please register to the Forum and post your question there; I—or another member of the Forum—will answer, time allowing.
If you are sending personal e-mails to BEBAC (either with your e-mail client or through the Forum’s contact form), we assume that you want to initate a professional relationship based on our consultancy services.
Rates are available upon request.
The Bioequivalence / Bioavailability Forum is hosted by
Ing. Helmut Schütz
Forum opened 2004-07-30 | last update 2011-05-15 | document date 2006-04-24 | modified 2011-06-24 ![]()