Bioequivalence and Bioavailability Forum

set.seed(123456)
T    <- 0.5 * round(runif(n = 24, min = 1, max = 3) / 0.5)
R    <- 0.5 * round(runif(n = 24, min = 1, max = 3) / 0.5)
data <- data.frame(subject = factor(c(1:24, 1:24)),
                   treatment = factor(c(rep("T", 24), rep("R", 24)), levels = c("T", "R")),
                   tmax = c(T, R))
by(data$tmax, data$treatment, summary)

data$treatment: T
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max.
  1.000   1.500   2.000   2.062   2.625   3.000
------------------------------------------------------------
data$treatment: R
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max.
  1.000   1.875   2.250   2.167   2.500   3.000


• 4.5.3 (2026-03-11)
  wilcox.test(Pair(T, R) ~ 1, data = data, conf.int = TRUE, conf.level = 0.9, exact = TRUE)

        Wilcoxon signed rank test with continuity correction

data:  Pair(T, R)
V = 79.5, p-value = 0.5403
alternative hypothesis: true location shift is not equal to 0
90 percent confidence interval:
 -0.5000132  0.2500161
sample estimates:
(pseudo)median
    -0.2499737

Warning messages:
1: In wilcox.test.default(x = respVar[, 1L], y = respVar[, 2L], paired = TRUE,  :
  cannot compute exact p-value with ties
2: In wilcox.test.default(x = respVar[, 1L], y = respVar[, 2L], paired = TRUE,  :
  cannot compute exact confidence interval with ties
3: In wilcox.test.default(x = respVar[, 1L], y = respVar[, 2L], paired = TRUE,  :
  cannot compute exact p-value with zeroes
4: In wilcox.test.default(x = respVar[, 1L], y = respVar[, 2L], paired = TRUE,  :
  cannot compute exact confidence interval with zeroes

wilcox.test(Pair(T, R) ~ 1, data = data, conf.int = TRUE, conf.level = 0.9, exact = FALSE)

        Wilcoxon signed rank test with continuity correction

data:  Pair(T, R)
V = 79.5, p-value = 0.5403
alternative hypothesis: true location shift is not equal to 0
90 percent confidence interval:
 -0.5000132  0.2500161
sample estimates:
(pseudo)median
    -0.2499737

  
  
• 4.6.0 (2026-04-24)
  wilcox.test(Pair(T, R) ~ 1, data = data, conf.int = TRUE, conf.level = 0.9, exact = TRUE)

        Wilcoxon signed rank exact test

data:  Pair(T, R)
V = 124.5, p-value = 0.6332
alternative hypothesis: true location shift is not equal to 0
91.2 percent confidence interval:
 -0.50  0.25
sample estimates:
(pseudo)median
             0

• Hothorn T, Winell H, Hornik K, van de Wiel MA, Zeileis A. coin: Conditional Inference Procedures in a Per­mu­ta­tion Test Framework. Package version 1.4-3. 2023-09-26. CRAN.