Conclusion & beyond [NCA / SHAM]

posted by Helmut Homepage – Vienna, Austria, 2019-04-17 19:05 (1797 d 10:09 ago) – Posting: # 20185
Views: 7,125

Hi mittyri,

❝ ❝ I corrected a typo in your original post


❝ forgot to execute it on clean environment, sorry!


Welcome to the club! BTW, THX for implementing the lin-up/log-down trapezoidal. :-D

❝ ❝ So what do you conclude?


❝ pAUC is more sensitive, but the sensitivity is still low (nothing new...)


Yep. Actually this story reaches too far (for an IR formulation crossing flip-flop PK; no regulator would buy that regardless what is written in a guideline) and not far enough: Setting the cut-off for pAUC at the individual tmax-values of the reference is Canadian tradition (termed AUCReftmax) but even in Canada history. If pAUCs are used, the cut-off has to be pre-specified. Currently pAUCs are not required for IR. OK, if the first pAUC performs better than Cmax, great.
I think that limiting \(\small{k_\text{a(T)}/k_\text{a(R)}}\) to 0.5–2 is sufficient.
For the cut-off \(\small{2\times t_\text{max}=2\log_{e}\Big{(}\frac{k_\text{a}}{k_\text{b}\,(k_\text{a}-k_\text{b})}\Big{)}}\), what else?


Edit: No wonder you hated this line of your code. Shouldn’t it be:
SubjectsDFstack <-
  reshape(SubjectsDF[, -c(2,3,4,6,7,9,11)],
    direction = 'long', varying = c(3:5), v.names = "ratio",
    timevar = "metric", times = names(SubjectsDF)[c(7,9,11)])


My sim’s: In the input section t.cut <- 2*log(ka/(CL/Vd)/(ka-(CL/Vd)))
Then (relevant lines only):
AbsorptionDF <- function(D, ka, Vd, CL,t,ratio,t.cut){
  # Reference
  ke       <- CL/Vd
  C        <- C.sd(D=D, Vd=Vd, ka=ka, ke=ke, t=t)
  tmax     <- t[C == max(C)][1]
  Cmax     <- C.sd(D=D, Vd=Vd, ka=ka, ke=ke, t=tmax)
  AUC.t    <- AUCcalc(t, C)
  t.1      <- t[which(t <= t.cut)]
  C.1      <- C[which(t <= t.cut)]
  pAUC     <- AUCcalc(t.1, C.1)
  Cmax.AUC <- Cmax/AUC.t

  DF.sub <- cbind(Subject = isub, V = Vd.sub, CL = CL.sub,
                  AbsorptionDF(D, ka.sub, Vd.sub, CL.sub, t, ratio, t.cut))

sp1 <- ggplot(SubjectsDFstack[SubjectsDFstack$metric == "Cmax", ],
              aes(x=kaT_kaR, y=ratio, color=factor(metric)))
sp1 + theme_bw() +
  geom_point(size=.3) +
  geom_smooth(method = 'loess', se = FALSE) +
  stat_density_2d(data = SubjectsDFstack[SubjectsDFstack$metric == "Cmax", ],
    geom = "raster", aes(alpha = ..density..), fill = "#F8766D",
    contour = FALSE) +
  scale_alpha(range = c(0, 0.7)) +
  scale_x_continuous(trans='log2') +
  scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0.5,2), trans='log2')
sp2 <- ggplot(SubjectsDFstack[SubjectsDFstack$metric == "pAUC", ],
              aes(x=kaT_kaR, y=ratio, color=factor(metric)))
sp2 + theme_bw() +
  geom_point(size=.3) +
  geom_smooth(method = 'loess', se = FALSE) +
  stat_density_2d(data = SubjectsDFstack[SubjectsDFstack$metric == "pAUC", ],
    geom = "raster", aes(alpha = ..density..), fill = "#6DAAF8",
    contour = FALSE) +
  scale_alpha(range = c(0, 0.7)) +
  scale_x_continuous(trans='log2') +
  scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0.5,2), trans='log2')
sp3 <- ggplot(SubjectsDFstack[SubjectsDFstack$metric == "Cmax_AUC", ],
              aes(x=kaT_kaR, y=ratio, color=factor(metric)))
sp3 + theme_bw() +
  geom_point(size=.3) +
  geom_smooth(method = 'loess', se = FALSE) +
  stat_density_2d(data = SubjectsDFstack[SubjectsDFstack$metric == "Cmax_AUC", ],
    geom = "raster", aes(alpha = ..density..), fill = "#6DF876",
    contour = FALSE) +
  scale_alpha(range = c(0, 0.7)) +
  scale_x_continuous(trans='log2') +
  scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0.5,2), trans='log2')


[image]

[image]

[image]

Based on loess:
   metric kaT_kaR predicted sensitivity
 Cmax_AUC     0.5 0.8082842  0.54181715
     Cmax     0.5 0.8075275  0.54298163
     pAUC     0.5 0.7143879  0.76337666
     pAUC     2.0 1.2181904  0.08875421
 Cmax_AUC     2.0 1.2012353  0.10671423
     Cmax     2.0 1.2028693  0.10745301


Again, pAUC is the one-eyed leading the blind ones but only if kaT < kaR.

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