Bioequivalence and Bioavailability Forum

Hi Yung-jin,

❝ txt21<-"esto es español\n"

❝ cat(txt21)

❝ esto es espanol

❝ Ps. The display of Spanish looks like not exactly same as input text.

On my system (Win7 64bit, German locale, R 3.2.2, font in /etc/Rconsole: Lucida Console) it’s fine:

cat(txt21)
esto es español

As a last resort one can always fall back to Unicode (see his old document). Try:

utf8 <- "esto es espa\u00f1ol\n"
cat(utf8)
esto es español

Whether or not a character can be displayed depends on the locale, the chosen font (and even on its version). Try:

start <- 33
end   <- 62276
dec.code <- start:end
hex.code <- sprintf("\\u%s", format(as.hexmode(dec.code), width=4))
m <- gregexpr("\\\\u[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}", hex.code)
regmatches(hex.code, m) <- lapply(
  lapply(regmatches(hex.code, m), substr, 3, 7), function(x)
  intToUtf8(as.integer(as.hexmode(x)), multiple=TRUE))
noquote(hex.code[1:2000])

Combining characters should be avoided if ever possible since they are available only in more recent versions of fonts. Try:

med.symbol <- "x\u0303\n"
cat(med.symbol)

Whiches gives a pretty x̃ on Vista+, but x^~ on ≤XP…